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RedWine
07-26-2007, 11:25 AM
Egypt's Grand Mufti Says Muslims Can Change Faith,'No Compulsion' In Islam



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Cairo, Egypt (AHN) - Ali Gomaa, Egypt's highest religious adviser said Tuesday that Muslims have the right to change their religion, adding that only God can judge them on Judgment Day. Gomaa also discussed women's rights and the meaning of jihad in Islam.

"The essential question before us is can a person who is Muslim choose a religion other than Islam? The answer is yes, they can, because the Qur'an says, 'Unto you your religion, and unto me my religion,' and, 'Whosoever will, let him believe, and whosoever will, let him disbelieve,' and, 'There is no compulsion in religion. The right direction is distinct from error'," the grand mufti said in a posting on a Washington Post-Newsweek forum entitled On Faith.

The statement came a few weeks after an Egyptian court ruled that Copts who converted to Islam and wish to return to their original faith would not be allowed to state so on their official identification papers and would remain Muslims on paper. The case is being appealed.

Gomaa also spoke about the true meaning of jihad in Islam, saying that there are different types of jihad, quoting the Prophet Mohamed that the grand jihad is between one and himself, the jihad of the soul.

"Here the term jihad refers to the spiritual exercise of opposing the lower self. This is referred to as the greater jihad since people spend their entire lives struggling against the base desires within them that can harm both themselves and those around them," he added.

Egypt’s official religious advisor have declared that Muslims are free to change their religion – a statement that could significantly impact the status of Muslims who convert to Christianity and the county’s Christian population in general.



Egypt’s official religious advisor have declared that Muslims are free to change their religion – a statement that could significantly impact the status of Muslims who convert to Christianity and the county’s Christian population in general.

“The essential question before us is ‘can a person who is Muslim choose a religion other than Islam?’ The answer is yes, they can,” the Grand Mufti Ali Gomaa said in a posting on a Washington Post-Newsweek forum and picked up by the Egyptian press on Tuesday, according to Agence France-Presse.

The Grand Mufti is the highest official of religious law in a Sunni Muslim country. His opinions and interpretations of Islamic law assist the government in regulating civil laws but are not binding.

“The act of abandoning one’s religion is a sin punishable by God on the Day of Judgement,” explained Gomaa, emphasising that faith is a matter between an individual and God. “If the case in question is one of merely rejecting faith, then there is no worldly punishment.”

However, Gomaa noted that if the conversion challenged the “foundation of society” then it should go through the judicial system, though he did not elaborate.

Egypt has an estimated 10 million Coptic Christians – the Orthodox Christians of Egypt and the largest group of Christians in the Middle East.

Despite the fact that Christians makes up 10 per cent of Egypt’s population, the minority group has long been oppressed by the country’s Muslim majority. They are isolated from mainstream society and are often forced to convert to Islam through rape, marriage, change of legal name and violence, according to Cameel Halim, chairman of the Coptic Assembly of America.

Egypt’s Coptic oppression has for too long been “hidden under the table” and “no one knows what is going on”, lamented Halim at a recent gathering of persecuted religious minorities in Washington DC.

In the Islamic world, some extremists have even called for the killing of apostates.

"This (ruling) is significant, especially coming from Gomaa," said Bahgat. "Between 2004 and now there have been many court cases involving Christian converts to Islam that want to convert back to Christianity who are unable to do so."

Bahgat is involved in the upcoming case of the 12 former Christians who want to revert back to Christianity.

Earlier this month, Egypt’s Supreme Court agreed to hear the appeal of the Coptic Christians. The case was denied by a lower court in April, which had ruled against the converts. The lower court had argued that recognizing such a case would be considered apostasy under Islamic law.

The case of the 12 Copts will go to the Supreme Court in September. Bahgat said they will use Gomaa’s posting to support their case.

"Gomaa is a civil servant, the top religious advisor of the state, and technically speaking the deputy minister of justice," Bahgat said. "So his views on the matter carry authority."

RedWine
07-26-2007, 11:27 AM
مفتی مصری بار دیگر برگشتن از اسلام را آزاد دانست

علی جمعه، مفتی مصری، روز پنجشنبه تایید کرد که به نظر وی مسلمانان می*توانند آزادانه دین دیگری را انتخاب کنند. علی جمعه در پی انتشار گزارش*های ضد و نقیض درباره نظر وی در مورد ارتداد بار دیگر رای خود را تبیین کرد.
جمعه معتقد است با اینکه در اسلام ارتداد "گناه کبیره" محسوب می*شود، اما مجازات در این دنیا تنها هنگامی برای فرد مرتد به اجرا درمی*آید که عمل وی جامعه را به خطر بیاندازد.

اکثریت مراجع و مفتی*ها فرد مرتد و از دین برگشته را مهدورالدم می*دانند .

به گزارش خبرگزاری فرانسه، علی جمعه پیشتر در تریبون آزاد مجله نیوزویک و روزنامه واشنگتن پست نظر خود درباره تغییر دین را چنین مطرح کرده بود: "انتخاب به معنی آزادی است، و این آزادی شامل آزادی ارتکاب گناهان کبیره نیز است تا جایی که به دیگران آسیبی نرساند".

علی جمعه در بخشی دیگر از سخنان خود گفته بود: "مسئله اساسی ما این است که آیا فرد مسلمان می*تواند دین دیگری برگزیند؟ پاسخ این سئول مثبت است".

مطبوعات مصری این نظر علی جمعه را منعکس کردند و برخی از آنها نیز چنین عنوان کردند که دومین مرجع دینی مصر نسبت به ارتداد مسلمانان بی*تفاوت است. در نتیجه روز سه*شنبه علی جمعه با انتشار بیانیه*ای ارتداد را تقبیح کرد که به نظر می*رسید با سخنانی وی در تربیون آزاد نیوزویک-واشنگتن پست در تعارض است.

پس از این بیانیه، علی جمعه روز پنجشنبه بر نظر پیشین خود بار دیگر تاکید کرد و گفت: "برخی از اهالی مطبوعات و مردم این بیانیه را به عقب*نشینی من از موضع خود، که (گفته بودم ) اسلام آزادی عقیده را جایز می*داند، تعبیر کردند. من همیشه قائل به آزادی عقیده بوده*ام و همچنان بر این نظر باقی خواهم ماند".

علی جمعه در ادامه تبیین نظر خود اظهار داشت: "من این به صورت تاریخی به این مسئله پرداختم: مجازات ارتداد در این دنیا تنها برای کسانی به اجرا درآمده است که علاوه بر ارتداد، به طور فعالانه در پی تخریب جامعه بودند".
حساسیت و اهمیت این نظر مفتی مصری هنگامی مشخص می*شود که متن جامعه مصر را درنظر بگیریم.

برخی از گروه*های افراطی مصری تاکنون تلاش داشته*اند افرادی را که گفته می*شود از اسلام برگشته*اند به قتل برسانند. نمونه بارز آن نجیب محفوظ، نویسنده مشهور مصری است که افرادی درصدد کشتن وی برآمدند و گروهی نیز خواستار طلاق گرفتن همسر وی شدند. چراکه به عقیده آنان زن مسلمان نباید به عقد مرتد دربیاید.

در مصر برگشتن از اسلام با مانع روبرو است و دولت نیز از به رسمیت شناختن آن خودداری می*کند. گرچه در مصر تغییر دین جرم نیست اما کسانی به همین دلیل به زندان افتاده*اند.