Preparing to Study

[Rasputin]

A Good Study Place

You need a good study place to be prepared to study. You should be able to answer YES to all of the following questions:

1. Is my Study Place available to me whenever I need it?

Your Study Place does you little good if you cannot use it when you need it. If you are using a Study Place that you must share with others for any reason, work out a schedule so that you know when you can use it.

2. Is my Study Place free from interruptions?

It is important to have uninterrupted study time. You may have to hang a DO NOT DISTURB sign on the door or take the phone off the hook.

3. Is my Study Place free from distractions?

Research shows that most students study best in a quiet environment. If you find that playing a stereo or TV improves your mood, keep the volume low.

4. Does my Study Place contain all the study materials I need?

Be sure your Study Place includes reference sources and supplies such as pens and pencils, paper, ruler, calculator, and whatever else you might need. If you use a computer for your schoolwork, it should be in your Study Place .


5. Does my Study Space contain a large enough desk or table?

While working on an assignment or studying for a test, use a desk or table that is large enough to hold everything you need. Allow enough room for writing and try to avoid clutter.

6. Does my Study Place have enough storage space?

You need enough room to store your study materials. Be sure you have enough storage space to allow you to keep your desktop or other work surface clear of unnecessary materials that can get in the way.


7. Does my Study Place have a comfortable chair?

A chair that is not comfortable can cause discomfort or pain that will interfere with your studying. A chair that is too comfortable might make you sleepy. Select a chair in which you can sit for long periods while maintaining your attention.

8. Does my Study Place have enough light?

The amount of light you need depends on what you are doing. The important thing is that you can clearly see what you need to see without any strain or discomfort.

9. Does my Study Place have a comfortable temperature?

If your Study Place is too warm, you might become sleepy. If it is too cold, your thinking may slow down and become unclear. Select a temperature at which your mind and body function best.

Having a good Study Place is important for good studying.

[Rasputin]

[Rasputin]

Your Preferred Learning Style

A learning style is a way of learning. YOUR preferred learning style is the way in which YOU learn best. Three learning styles that are often identified in students are the Auditory Learning Style, the Visual Learning Style, and the Tactile/Kinesthetic Learning Style. Read about each of these learning styles to identify YOUR preferred learning style.

Are you an Auditory Learner?

Auditory Learners learn best when information is presented in an auditory language format. Do you seem to learn best in classes that emphasize teacher lectures and class discussions? Does listening to audio tapes help you learn better? Do you find yourself reading aloud or talking things out to gain better understanding? If YES, you are probably an Auditory Learner.

Are you a Visual Learner?

Visual Learners learn best when information is presented in a written language format or in another visual format such as pictures or diagrams. Do you do best in classes in which teachers do a lot of writing at the chalkboard, provide clear handouts, and make extensive use of an overhead projector? Do you try to remember information by creating pictures in your mind? Do you take detailed written notes from your textbooks and in class? If YES, you are probably a Visual Learner.

Are you a Tactile/Kinesthetic Learner?

Tactile/Kinesthetic Learners learn best in hands-on learning settings in which they can physically manipulate something in order to learn about it. Do you learn best when you can move about and handle things? Do you do well in classes in which there is a lab component? Do you learn better when you have an actual object in your hands rather than a picture of the object or a verbal or written description of it? If YES, you are probably a Tactile/Kinesthetic Learner.

Your learning style is your strength. Go with it whenever you can. When you can choose a class, try to choose one that draws heaviest on your learning style. When you can choose a teacher, try to choose one who's teaching method best matches your learning style. When you choose a major and future career, keep your learning style firmly in mind.

[Rasputin]

Good Listening In Class

It is important for you to be a good listener in class. Much of what you will have to learn will be presented verbally by your teachers. Just hearing what your teachers say is not the same as listening to what they say. Listening is a cognitive act that requires you to pay attention and think about and mentally process what you hear.

Here are some things you should do to be a good listener in class.

Be Cognitively Ready to Listen When You Come to Class.
Make sure you complete all assigned work and readings.
Review your notes from previous class sessions. Think
about what you know about the topic that will be covered
in class that day.

Be Emotionally Ready to Listen When You Come to Class.
Your attitude is important. Make a conscious choice to find the topic useful and
interesting. Be committed to learning all that you can.

Listen with a Purpose. Identify what you expect and hope
to learn from the class session. Listen for these things as
your teacher talks.

Listen with an Open Mind. Be receptive to what your
teacher says. It is good to question what is said as long as
you remain open to points of view other than your own.

Be Attentive. Focus on what your teacher is saying. Try
not to daydream and let your mind wander to other things.
It helps to sit in the front and center of the class, and to maintain eye contact with
your teacher.

Be an Active Listener. You can think faster than your teacher can speak. Use this to
your advantage by evaluating what is being said and trying to anticipate what will be
said next. Take good written notes about what your teacher says. While you can
think faster than your teacher can speak, you cannot write faster than your teacher
can speak. Taking notes requires you to make decisions about what to write, and
you have to be an active listener to do this.

Meet the Challenge. Don't give up and stop listening when you find the information
being presented difficult to understand. Listen even more carefully at these times
and work hard to understand what is being said. Don't be reluctant to ask questions.

Triumph Over the Environment. The classroom may too noisy, too hot, too cold, too
bright, or too dark. Don't give in to these inconveniences. Stay focused on the big
picture - LEARNING.

[Rasputin]

Using Reference Sources

As you go through school, you will need to use reference sources to find information about topics, locate facts, and answer questions. Here are five types of reference sources you should use. Each type is available in print forms, on CD-ROMs, and on the Internet.

1. Dictionary

A dictionary provides information about the meaning, pronunciation, and spelling of words. Unabridged dictionaries attempt to be complete by including all words currently in use in a language. They provide extensive information about the words included. Abridged dictionaries omit words that do not regularly appear in books, magazines, and newspapers. Specialized dictionaries provide detailed information about the words that apply to a particular subject such as space, math, biology, psychology, and many more. They include technical words that are rarely used outside of the subject.

2. Thesaurus

A thesaurus contains synonyms for commonly used words. A synonym is a word that has the same meaning or nearly the same meaning as another word. For example, "simple" is a synonym for "easy." A thesaurus contains many more synonyms for a word than does a dictionary. A thesaurus can help you precisely express your ideas when writing.

3. Encyclopedia

An encyclopedia contains articles on a variety of subjects. The articles are written by experts on each of the subjects. In addition to articles, encyclopedias may include illustrations and diagrams, definitions of some words, and references to additional information. A general encyclopedia includes overview articles on a wide range of topics. A subject encyclopedia contains longer and more detailed articles on specific topics, events, or fields of study.

4. Almanac

An almanac is an annual single-volume reference source that contains useful facts about a wide range of topics. You can learn about countries of the world, government, historical events, and many other topics. Because almanacs are revised each year, the information is current.

5. Atlas

An atlas is a collection of maps. The most common atlas contains maps that show the political and physical features of countries throughout the world. A political map shows government boundaries. A physical map shows the features of the earth's surface such as mountains, deserts, and bodies of water. You may also use a road map to learn how to get from place to place. There are also specialized atlases for such things as weather across the world, oceans of the world, and even the anatomy of the human body.

Wherever you study, be sure you have access to each of these important reference sources.

[Rasputin]

Using Acronyms to Remember Information

Forming an acronym is a good strategy to use to remember information in any order that can be remembered. An acronym is a word that is formed from the first letter of each fact to be remembered. It can be a real word or a nonsense word you are able to pronounce.


Here is how to form an acronym.

Write the facts you need to remember.
Underline the first letter of each fact. If there is more than one word in a fact, underline the first letter of only the first word in the fact.
Arrange the underlined letters to form an acronym that is a real word or a nonsense word you can pronounce.

“HOMES” is an example of an acronym that is a real word you can use to remember the names of the five Great Lakes: Michigan, Erie, Superior, Ontario, Huron: In HOMES, H is the first letter of Huron and helps you remember that name; O is the first letter of Ontario, and so on.

“Telk” is an acronym that can be used to remember the following animals: tiger, lion, elephant, kangaroo. “Telk” is not a real word, but you can easily pronounce it. You could also have used “kelt” as an acronym. Notice that in this example, you cannot form a real word using the first letter of each fact to be remembered.
Sometimes two or more of the facts you must remember each begin with the same first letter. For example, the acronym “capp” can be used to remember the following fruits: pear, apple, peach, cherry. You can use the first letter “p” in the acronym to remember either “pear” or “peach” and the second letter “p” to remember the other.

Use the acronym strategy as a way to remember information.

[Rasputin]

Making an Oral Presentation

When making an oral presentation in class, you must know your subject well and convince your audience that they have something to gain from listening to you. Here are some things you can do to make an effective oral presentation.

Be prepared. Research your subject to ensure that you are
knowledgeable. Practice your presentation until you feel
comfortable. Make sure you can present your information
within whatever time limits you will have. Anticipate
questions you may be asked and prepare answers to these.

Know your audience. Tailor your presentation to your
audience’s level of knowledge about the subject of your
presentation, what they need to know, and their interests.

Be positive. Make it clear that you are knowledgeable and enthusiastic about your subject.

Don’t read your presentation. Talk to your audience. Use your notes as prompts
as needed.

Provide examples. Try to make your presentation as concrete and “down to earth” as possible. Add appropriate anecdotes and humor to drive home a point.

Use visual aids. Supplement what you say with visual aids such as handouts, charts,
transparencies, and slides. Make sure that everyone can easily see the visual aids.
Don’t use visual aids that are so complex that the audience will spend its time
trying to read them instead of listening to you. Visual aids are supplements to what
you say, not replacements for what you say.

Maintain eye contact. Shift your eye contact around the room so that everyone feels
that you are talking to them.

Actively involve your audience. People can only listen so long without their attention
wandering. Making your presentation interesting will help you to capture and keep
your audience’s attention for a while, but you must do more. Build in some simple
and quick activities for your audience so that they are actively involved in your
presentation. Ask questions that you are confident your audience will be able to
answer.

Use your voice effectively. Vary the tone of your voice and be careful not to talk too
quickly.

End on a high note. Leave your audience feeling upbeat about what they have just heard.

[mahsaak]

mmmmmmmmm. thanks simak jan
hop any usage for my master studings

[Rasputin]

mahsa jan zendeh bashi aziz .

[Parinaz_M]

ha dastet dard nakone siamak joon
mesle hamishe zadi too khal

vala man vaghti mikham study konam, hatman bayad ye jaye kheyli saket va aroom bashe, bad bayad boland boland vase khodam hame chiz ro bekhonam ta dorost yadam bemone

[nanakhafan]

ahhh...man eenhame karo bayad bokonam


thx though

[horiyeh]

behtarin place barayeh study: joloyeh tvvv lol

[nanakhafan]

looool

[Parinaz_M]

khob horiye joon pas moltafet shodim ke emsal shoma rofooze mishin,
akhe mage mishe joloye tv havaset jam bashe ke dari chi chi mikhoni

[horiyeh]

lol man hamash jelo tv dars mikhoooonam energy migiram
doost nadaram tooyeh otagham tanha basham